27.5% Hydrogen peroxide

Molecular formula: H₂O₂

Structural formula:

Molecular weight: 34.01

Introduction:

Physical properties:

1. Aqueous solution is a colorless transparent liquid, soluble in water, alcohol, ether, insoluble in benzene, petroleum ether.

2. Pure hydrogen peroxide is a light blue viscous liquid with a melting point of -0.43°C and a boiling point of 150.2°C. The molecular configuration of pure hydrogen peroxide will change, so the melting boiling point will also change. At the freezing point, the solid density is 1.71g/cm³, and the density decreases with increasing temperature. It is more associated than H2O, so it has a higher dielectric constant and boiling point than water.

Chemical properties:

1. Oxidation

2. Reducing and chlorine gas, potassium permanganate and other strong oxidant reaction is oxidized to oxygen.

3. In 10% sample solution 10mL, add dilute sulfuric acid test solution (TS-241)5mL and potassium permanganate test solution (TS-193)1mL. Bubbles should occur, and the purplish red color of potassium permanganate disappears. It is acidic to litmus. Explosive in contact with organic matter. [3]

4. Take 1g of sample (accurate to 0.1mg) and dilute it with water to 250.0mL. Take 25mL of this solution, add 10mL dilute sulfuric acid test solution (TS-241), and titrate with 0.1mol/L potassium permanganate. 0.1mol/L per ml. Potassium permanganate is equivalent to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)1.70mg. [3]

5. in case of organic matter, heat decomposition release oxygen and water, in case of chromic acid, potassium permanganate, metal, carbonic acid reaction. [3] To prevent decomposition, trace stabilizers such as sodium stannate and sodium pyrophosphate can be added. [4]

6. Hydrogen peroxide is an extremely weak acid: H2O2=(reversible)=H++HO2- (Ka=2.4×10-12). So the peroxide of a metal can be thought of as its salt. [4]

7. Pure hydrogen peroxide is very unstable and violently decomposes into water and oxygen when heated to 153°C.

Use: Hydrogen peroxide can be used for medical, military and industrial purposes. The daily disinfection is medical hydrogen peroxide, which can kill intestinal pathogenic bacteria, suppurative coccus and pathogenic yeast. It is generally used for surface disinfection of objects. Hydrogen peroxide has the effect of oxidation, but the concentration of medical hydrogen peroxide is equal to or less than 3%, wipe to the trauma surface, there will be burning, the surface is oxidized into white and bubbling, with water to clean it, after 3-5 minutes to restore the original skin color.

Chemical industry used for the production of sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium chlorite, thiourea peroxide and other raw materials, tartric acid, vitamins and other oxidants. The pharmaceutical industry is used as a fungicide, disinfectant, and oxidant in the production of Fumei biinsecticide and 40l antibacterial agent. Dyeing industry used as a bleaching agent for cotton fabrics, VAT dye dyed hair color. Used to remove iron and other heavy metals in the production of metallic salts or other compounds. Also used in electroplating solution, can remove inorganic impurities, improve the quality of plating parts. It is also used for bleaching wool, silk, ivory, pulp, fat, etc. High concentration of hydrogen peroxide can be used as rocket propellant.

Civil: to deal with the smell of kitchen sewer, to the pharmacy to buy hydrogen peroxide and water and laundry detergent poured into the sewer can be decontamination, disinfection, sterilization;

3% hydrogen peroxide (medical grade) for wound disinfection;

Health hazard: Hydrogen peroxide is highly corrosive in high concentrations. Inhaling the vapor or mist is strongly irritating to the respiratory tract. Direct eye contact with fluids can cause irreversible damage and even blindness. The symptoms of oral poisoning include abdominal pain, chest pain, dyspnea, vomiting, transient movement and sensory disturbance, and elevated body temperature. Visual impairment, epileptic spasm, and paraplegia were found in individual cases.

Hazard characteristics: Explosive strong oxidant. Hydrogen peroxide itself does not burn, but can react with combustible materials to release a lot of heat and oxygen, causing fire and explosion. Hydrogen peroxide is the most stable when the pH value is 3.5 ~ 4.5. It is easy to decompose in alkaline solution, and can also decompose when exposed to strong light, especially short-wave rays. When heated above 100℃, it begins to decompose rapidly. It forms an explosive mixture with many organic substances such as sugar, starch, alcohol, petroleum products, etc., which can be exploded by impact, heat or electric spark. When hydrogen peroxide comes into contact with many inorganic compounds or impurities, it quickly breaks down and explodes, releasing large amounts of heat, oxygen and water vapor. Most heavy metals (such as copper, silver, lead, mercury, zinc, cobalt, nickel, chromium, manganese, etc.) and their oxides and salts are active catalysts. Dust, cigarette ash, toner, rust, etc., can also accelerate decomposition. Hydrogen peroxide in concentrations greater than 69% will produce a gas phase explosion in a closed container with an appropriate ignition source or temperature.

Packing notes: Large packaging: plastic bucket (tank), the upper part of the container should have a pressure reducing valve or vent, the container should have at least 10% surplus, the net weight of each barrel (tank) is not more than 50kg. Reagent packaging: plastic bottle, and then a single into a plastic bag, together in the calcium plastic box.

Toxicology: Acute toxicity: LD504060mg/kg (rat transdermal); LC502000mg/m3 for 4 hours (Rat inhalation)